As part of its proactive emergency preparedness efforts, Bahrain’s Ministry of Interior has released detailed guidelines on how citizens and residents can protect themselves during civil contingencies, particularly in the event of radiation exposure or a nuclear-related incident.

Hosted on the National Civil Protection Platform (ncpp.gov.bh), the information is designed to educate the public on various emergency scenarios—including radiation contamination, pregnancy-related risks, and improvised nuclear device (IND) attacks.

Understanding Radiation Contamination

The guidelines explain the difference between external and internal contamination. External contamination occurs when radioactive materials come into contact with skin, hair, or clothing, while internal contamination happens when such materials are inhaled, ingested, or enter through open wounds. Contamination can originate from radioactive particles in the air, solids, or liquids.

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Guidelines for Unusual Odors and Symptoms

If you smell a strange odor, stay away from the source and seal your home by closing windows and doors. Use an air purifier in poorly ventilated spaces, and ventilate once the odor clears. After being outside, shower and rinse eyes or skin if irritated. For stomach issues, drink fluids. Seek immediate medical help for severe chest pain, abdominal pain, or trouble breathing.

Protection from Radioactive Pollution

To reduce exposure, remove your outer clothing and seal it in a bag away from others. Wash exposed skin thoroughly—use a shower with soap and shampoo (no conditioner), or clean with a damp cloth if water isn’t available. Blow your nose and wipe your eyes, ears, and eyelashes. Cover wounds during washing. Wear clean clothes, and if none are available, shake off your old clothes before rewearing.

Always follow official health updates.

Radiation and Pregnancy

Expecting mothers are given special attention, as the fetus is particularly vulnerable to radiation between 2 and 18 weeks of pregnancy. Even low doses can lead to serious complications. The platform outlines how radioactive materials can reach the fetus via the bloodstream or umbilical cord and emphasizes the importance of immediate medical consultation in case of exposure.

Risks from Improvised Nuclear Devices (INDs)

The platform also explains the dangers of INDs, which can cause massive destruction, heat, and radiation exposure. Even individuals far from the explosion can be affected by falling radioactive dust. The fallout can lead to radiation sickness, burns, blindness, and long-term health issues due to contaminated air, water, and food.

How to Stay Safe

To protect yourself during such emergencies, the guidance is simple:

• Go Inside

• Stay Where You Are

• Get Ready

The step-by-step images are provided below