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After nearly 120 years, the term “baccalaureate” has resurfaced in Egypt’s educational landscape. The system was first introduced in 1905 with the aim of preparing students for top universities and was in place for 23 years. Now, it’s being reintroduced as an alternative to the traditional high school system. The Minister of Education in Egypt, Mohamed Abdel-Latif, announced that the new baccalaureate system will be implemented starting next year for first-year high school students.
The main goal of this new system is to enhance students’ critical and analytical thinking skills, rather than focusing on rote memorization. The system will integrate scientific, literary, and artistic subjects into a comprehensive educational framework with continuous assessment throughout the year. The subjects will be spread out over two years, with the option for exams twice a year, providing students with more flexibility.
The system consists of two phases: the preparatory phase (first-year high school), which includes subjects like religious education, Arabic language, mathematics, philosophy, integrated sciences, and foreign languages. The second phase covers the second and third years of high school.
The announcement has sparked various discussions among Egyptians. Some believe the new system is a step forward in improving education, while others feel it might take the country backward.
Dr. Abdel-Salam Mustafa, a professor of curricula and methods of teaching and former dean of the Faculty of Education at Mansoura University, expressed concerns that the new system is not a true development and may lead to a regression. He pointed out that university professors weren’t consulted about the changes and emphasized that students are already under stress due to the frequent changes in the educational system over the years.
On the other hand, Dr. Tamer Shawky, an educational expert, argued that the system is already being successfully implemented in many countries and has proven its efficiency in reducing the student workload. He explained that it allows for deeper understanding of subjects instead of mere memorization and provides students with more freedom in choosing their future college path without being tied to specific subjects.
It seems the new Egyptian baccalaureate system has sparked much debate, with some seeing it as a chance to enhance education, while others are worried about its potential impact on the traditional educational system.
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